Which parts comprise the hair shaft?

The hair shaft is primarily made up of three parts: the medulla, cortex, and cuticle.

The medulla is the innermost layer of the hair shaft, which may be absent in fine hair types but plays a role in overall hair structure in thicker strands. It consists of soft keratin and provides some strength to the hair.

The cortex is the thickest layer and is composed of long, coiled proteins that give hair its strength, elasticity, and texture. The color of the hair is also determined by the pigment within the cortex.

The cuticle is the outermost layer of the hair shaft, composed of overlapping scale-like cells that protect the inner layers from damage and moisture loss. It plays a critical role in the overall health and appearance of hair.

Understanding these parts is essential for braiders and other hair professionals, as each component affects the hair's characteristics and its reaction to styling and treatments. This knowledge is fundamental for effective hair care and manipulation.